United Nations recognizes 192 nations and the Vatican City (#193), which is the smallest country in the world.
If you are talking about states as a division of a nation, like the 50 states in the USA or the provinces and territories of Canada or something, then I don't know how you could ever find that out because there are way too many, and many of them have questionable political relevance.
To actually answer your question, it depends on whom you ask. This source includes many definitions of country and the counts for each. It's a couple years old and a little bit out of date (it lists 191 UN members, not 192), but I like this one better than similar pages.
"Depending on the definition of the word 'country', we can arrive at 191 [192], 196, 212, 244, 247, 268, 274, 277, 282, 315, 347, 383. This number may even grow to 387 during 2006. With very liberal counting we can even arrive at 393 or 493 countries."
It includes lists of every country by every definition.
If you meant states as in countries, there isn't really a solid figure, around about 197 though.
If you meant states as in a state within a country, you are very very very stupid.
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